Abstract
We discuss the formal relationship between the real-time Keldysh and imaginary-time theory for nonequilibrium in quantum dot systems. The latter can be reformulated using the recently proposed Matsubara-voltage approach. We establish general conditions for correct analytic continuation procedure on physical observables, and apply the technique to the calculation of static quantities in steady-state nonequilibrium for a quantum dot subject to a finite bias voltage and external magnetic field. Limitations of the Matsubara voltage approach are also pointed out.
3 More- Received 3 May 2012
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.155130
©2012 American Physical Society