The electromagnetic source of arions, as well as axions, is a scalar product of the magnetic field induction and the electric field intensity. For electromagnetic waves, this product can be nonzero only in the near zone. Pulsars and magnetars are natural sources of this type. Based on these considerations, we calculate the generation of arions by coherent electromagnetic field of rotating magnetic dipole of pulsars and magnetars. It is shown that the radiation of arion waves occurs at the frequency of magnetic dipole rotation. This radiation has a maximum when the angle between the rotation axis and the magnetic dipole moment of the neutron star is $\pi /4$ and it is completely absent, when the magnetic dipole moment is perpendicular or parallel to this axis. A formula for the angular distribution of arion radiation is constructed; and on its basis, it is shown that the radiation is maximal in the plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation.

• Received 28 January 2021
• Accepted 6 August 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.104.055018