Abstract
Electric polarization in insulators is represented by the transferred charge through a shift of the Bloch wave functions induced by an adiabatic change of external parameters . It is found that this covalent/quantum contribution is determined nonlocally by the topological structure in the space. The condition for the charge pumping for a cyclic change of is also obtained. Applications of this picture to various organic ferroelectrics and are discussed.
- Received 20 March 2004
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.93.167602
©2004 American Physical Society