Surface Structure of $(1\times 2)$ Reconstructed Ti${\mathrm{O}}_2$(110) Studied Using Electron Stimulated Desorption Ion Angular Distribution

The transformation of the Ti${\mathrm{O}}_2$(110) surface from the $(1\times 1)$ form to a $(1\times 2)$ structure has been investigated by techniques of electron stimulated desorption ion angular distribution in association with low energy electron diffraction. The pattern of ${\mathrm{O}}^{+}$ ion emission normal to the surface from a $(1\times 1)$ surface changes to two off-normal lobes upon the transformation to $(1\times 2)$, reflecting a distinct change in bonding configuration of the oxygen anion species at the surface. The result provides strong evidence in favor of an interface with added T${\mathrm{i}}_2$${\mathrm{O}}_3$ rows.