Collective Ferromagnetism of Artificial Square Spin Ice

N. S. Bingham, X. Zhang, J. Ramberger, O. Heinonen, C. Leighton, and P. Schiffer
Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 067201 – Published 5 August 2022
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Abstract

We study the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the total magnetic moment of large-area permalloy artificial square spin ice arrays. The temperature dependence and hysteresis behavior are consistent with the coherent magnetization reversal expected in the Stoner-Wohlfarth model, with clear deviations due to interisland interactions at small lattice spacing. Through micromagnetic simulations, we explore this behavior and demonstrate that the deviations result from increasingly complex magnetization reversal at small lattice spacing, induced by interisland interactions, and depending critically on details of the island shapes. These results establish new means to tune the physical properties of artificial spin ice structures and other interacting nanomagnet systems, such as patterned magnetic media.

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  • Received 9 March 2022
  • Revised 4 May 2022
  • Accepted 23 June 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.067201

© 2022 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

N. S. Bingham1, X. Zhang1, J. Ramberger2, O. Heinonen3,*, C. Leighton2, and P. Schiffer1,4

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
  • 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
  • 3Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
  • 4Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA

  • *Present and permanent address: Seagate Technology, Bloomington, Minnesota 55435, USA.

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Issue

Vol. 129, Iss. 6 — 5 August 2022

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