Scaling and Diabatic Effects in Quantum Annealing with a D-Wave Device

Phillip Weinberg, Marek Tylutki, Jami M. Rönkkö, Jan Westerholm, Jan A. Åström, Pekka Manninen, Päivi Törmä, and Anders W. Sandvik
Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 090502 – Published 5 March 2020
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Abstract

We discuss quantum annealing of the two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model on a D-Wave device, encoded on L×L lattices with L32. Analyzing the residual energy and deviation from maximal magnetization in the final classical state, we find an optimal L dependent annealing rate v for which the two quantities are minimized. The results are well described by a phenomenological model with two powers of v and L-dependent prefactors to describe the competing effects of reduced quantum fluctuations (for which we see evidence of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism) and increasing noise impact when v is lowered. The same scaling form also describes results of numerical solutions of a transverse-field Ising model with the spins coupled to noise sources. We explain why the optimal annealing time is much longer than the coherence time of the individual qubits.

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  • Received 3 October 2019
  • Accepted 10 February 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.090502

© 2020 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Quantum Information, Science & TechnologyCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Phillip Weinberg1, Marek Tylutki2,3, Jami M. Rönkkö4, Jan Westerholm5, Jan A. Åström4, Pekka Manninen4, Päivi Törmä2, and Anders W. Sandvik1,6

  • 1Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
  • 2Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
  • 3Faculty of Physics, Warsaw University of Technology, Ulica Koszykowa 75, PL-00662 Warsaw, Poland
  • 4CSC–IT Center for Science, P.O. Box 405, FIN-02101 Espoo, Finland
  • 5Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Vattenborgsvägen 3, FI 20500 Åbo, Finland
  • 6Beijing National Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

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Issue

Vol. 124, Iss. 9 — 6 March 2020

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