Confirmation of the Copernican Principle at Gpc Radial Scale and above from the Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Effect Power Spectrum

The Copernican principle, a cornerstone of modern cosmology, remains largely unproven at the Gpc radial scale and above. Here will show that violations of this type will inevitably cause a first order anisotropic kinetic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect. If large scale radial inhomogeneities have an amplitude large enough to explain the “dark energy” phenomena, the induced kinetic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich power spectrum will be much larger than the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and/or South Pole Telescope upper limit. This single test confirms the Copernican principle and rules out the adiabatic void model as a viable alternative to dark energy.

Figure 1

The KSZ test. Black solid curves have constant $\Delta T_H^2(\ell =3000)$. The thick one highlights the SPT 95% upper limit, $\Delta T^2<6.5\mu {\mathrm{K}}^2$ [17]. The KSZ test alone rules out large voids with low density and strongly supports the Copernican principle. The dashed and dotted contours are the $2\mathrm{\text{−}}\sigma$ and $3\mathrm{\text{−}}\sigma$ constraints from the UNION2 supernova data [29]. The KSZ test robustly excludes the Hubble bubble model as a viable alternative to dark energy.

Figure 2

The maximal deviation from the overall expansion allowed by the SPT observation, for each mass shell of $\Delta z=0.4$, which corresponds to $1h^{-1}\mathrm{Gpc}$ at $z\sim 0$, $0.7h^{-1}\mathrm{Gpc}$ at $z\sim 1$, and $0.5h^{-1}\mathrm{Gpc}$ at $\sim 2$.