Abstract
We present data for the time dependence of wooden spheres penetrating into a loose noncohesive packing of glass beads. The stopping time is a factor of 3 longer than the time needed to travel the total penetration distance at the impact speed . The acceleration decreases monotonically throughout the impact. These kinematics are modeled by a position- and velocity-dependent stopping force that is constrained to reproduce prior observations for the scaling of the penetration depth with the total drop distance.
- Received 21 March 2005
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.72.041305
©2005 American Physical Society