Neutrino dark energy in grand unified theories

We studied a left-right symmetric model that can accommodate the neutrino dark energy ($\nu \mathrm{DE}$) proposal. The type-III seesaw mechanism is implemented to give masses to the neutrinos. After explaining the model, we study the consistency of the model by minimizing the scalar potential and obtaining the conditions for the required vacuum expectation values of the different scalar fields. This model is then embedded in an $SO(10)$ grand unified theory and the allowed symmetry breaking scales are determined by the condition of the gauge coupling unification. Although $SU(2{)}_{\mathrm{R}}$ breaking is required to be high, its Abelian subgroup $U(1{)}_{\mathrm{R}}$ is broken in the TeV range, which can then give the required neutrino masses and predicts new gauge bosons that could be detected at LHC. The neutrino masses are studied in detail in this model, which shows that at least 3 singlet fermions are required.

Figure 1

Evolution of coupling constants.

Figure 2

Threshold uncertainty in the unification scale.

Figure 3

Variation of mass.