• Open Access

Sensitivity of EDM experiments in paramagnetic atoms and molecules to hadronic CP violation

V. V. Flambaum, M. Pospelov, A. Ritz, and Y. V. Stadnik
Phys. Rev. D 102, 035001 – Published 4 August 2020

Abstract

Experiments searching for the electric dipole moment (EDM) of the electron de utilize atomic/molecular states with one or more uncompensated electron spins, and these paramagnetic systems have recently achieved remarkable sensitivity to de. If the source of CP violation resides entirely in the hadronic sector, the two-photon exchange processes between electrons and the nucleus induce CP-odd semileptonic interactions, parametrized by the Wilson coefficient CSP, and provide the dominant source of EDMs in paramagnetic systems instead of de. We evaluate the CSP coefficients induced by the leading hadronic sources of CP violation, namely, nucleon EDMs and CP-odd pion-nucleon couplings, by calculating the nucleon-number-enhanced CP-odd nuclear scalar polarizability, employing chiral perturbation theory at the nucleon level and the Fermi-gas model for the nucleus. This allows us to translate the ACME EDM limits from paramagnetic ThO into novel-independent constraints on the QCD theta term |θ¯|<3×108, proton EDM |dp|<2×1023ecm, isoscalar CP-odd pion-nucleon coupling |g¯πNN(1)|<4×1010, and color EDMs of quarks |d˜ud˜d|<2×1024cm. We note that further experimental progress with EDM experiments in paramagnetic systems may allow them to rival the sensitivity of EDM experiments with neutrons and diamagnetic atoms to these quantities.

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  • Received 30 January 2020
  • Accepted 7 July 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.035001

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Published by the American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Atomic, Molecular & OpticalParticles & Fields

Authors & Affiliations

V. V. Flambaum1, M. Pospelov2,3,4, A. Ritz5, and Y. V. Stadnik1,6,7

  • 1School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia
  • 2School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
  • 3William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
  • 4Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, Ontario N2J 2W9, Canada
  • 5Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
  • 6Helmholtz Institute Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
  • 7Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan

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Issue

Vol. 102, Iss. 3 — 1 August 2020

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