Probing the high-density nuclear symmetry energy with the Ξ/Ξ0 ratio in heavy-ion collisions at sNN3 GeV

Gao-Chan Yong, Bao-An Li, Zhi-Gang Xiao, and Zi-Wei Lin
Phys. Rev. C 106, 024902 – Published 8 August 2022

Abstract

Recent beam energy scan experiments at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider by the STAR Collaboration [Phys. Lett. B 827, 137003 (2022) and Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 202303 (2022)] found that hadronic interactions dominate the collective flow and the proton cumulant ratios are driven by baryon number conservation in a region of high baryon density in sNN=3 GeV Au+Au reactions, indicating that the dense medium formed in such collisions is likely hadronic matter. Within an updated a relativistic transport model with momentum dependent isoscalar and isovector single-nucleon mean-field potentials corresponding to different symmetry energies at suprasaturation densities, the n/p, π/π+, Ks0/K+, Σ/Σ+, and Ξ/Ξ0 ratios are studied for central Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV, where the maximum central density reaches about (3.64.0)ρ0. The doubly strange Ξ/Ξ0 ratio is found to have the strongest sensitivity to the variation of high-density nuclear symmetry energy. Thus, the Ξ/Ξ0 ratio in relativistic heavy-ion reactions at sNN3 GeV may help probe sensitively the poorly known symmetry energy of dense neutron-rich matter critically important for understanding various properties of neutron stars.

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  • Received 7 July 2022
  • Accepted 27 July 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.106.024902

©2022 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Nuclear Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Gao-Chan Yong1,2,*, Bao-An Li3,†, Zhi-Gang Xiao4,‡, and Zi-Wei Lin5,§

  • 1Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • 3Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas 75429-3011, USA
  • 4Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
  • 5Department of Physics, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, USA

  • *yonggaochan@impcas.ac.cn
  • Bao-An.Li@Tamuc.edu
  • xiaozg@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
  • §LINZ@ecu.edu

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Issue

Vol. 106, Iss. 2 — August 2022

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