Abstract
We discuss fermionic zero modes in the two-dimensional chiral -wave superconductors. We show quite generally that without fine tuning, in a macroscopic sample there is only one or zero of such Majorana-fermion modes depending only on whether the total vorticity of the order parameter is odd or even, respectively. As a special case of this, we find explicitly the one zero mode localized on a single odd-vorticity vortex and show that, in contrast, zero modes are absent for an even-vorticity vortex. One zero mode per odd vortex persists, within an exponential accuracy, for a collection of well-separated vortices, shifting to finite energies as two odd vortices approach. These results should be useful for the demonstration of the non-Abelian statistics that such zero-mode vortices are expected to exhibit and for their possible application in quantum computation.
- Received 4 April 2007
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.75.212509
©2007 American Physical Society