Abstract
We study the possibility of spontaneous symmetry breaking in systems with both charge and dipole symmetries. For -dimensional systems at a positive temperature, we show that charge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken for , while dipole symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken for . For , we show that charge symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken for if the compressibility is finite. We also show that continuum systems with a dipole symmetry have infinite inertial mass density.
- Received 9 September 2022
- Revised 2 December 2022
- Accepted 5 December 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.245125
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Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)
Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied PhysicsStatistical Physics & Thermodynamics