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Simultaneous Broadband Vector Magnetometry Using Solid-State Spins

Jennifer M. Schloss, John F. Barry, Matthew J. Turner, and Ronald L. Walsworth
Phys. Rev. Applied 10, 034044 – Published 21 September 2018
Physics logo See Synopsis: A Faster Diamond Magnetometer
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Abstract

We demonstrate a vector magnetometer that simultaneously measures all Cartesian components of a dynamic magnetic field using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in a single-crystal diamond. Optical NV-diamond measurements provide high-sensitivity, broadband magnetometry under ambient or extreme physical conditions and the fixed crystallographic axes inherent to this solid-state system enable vector sensing free from heading errors. In the present device, multichannel lock-in detection extracts the magnetic-field-dependent spin-resonance shifts of NVs oriented along all four tetrahedral diamond axes from the optical signal measured on a single detector. The sensor operates from near dc (5 Hz) up to a 12.5-kHz measurement bandwidth and simultaneously achieves approximately 50pT/Hz magnetic-field sensitivity for each Cartesian component, which is, to date, the highest demonstrated sensitivity of a full vector magnetometer employing solid-state spins. Compared to optimized devices interrogating the four NV orientations sequentially, the simultaneous vector magnetometer enables a 4× measurement speedup. This technique can be extended to pulsed-type sensing protocols and parallel wide-field magnetic imaging.

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  • Received 14 March 2018
  • Revised 19 July 2018

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.10.034044

© 2018 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

General PhysicsInterdisciplinary PhysicsCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied PhysicsAtomic, Molecular & OpticalQuantum Information, Science & Technology

Synopsis

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A Faster Diamond Magnetometer

Published 20 September 2018

Diamond-defect magnetometers can now simultaneously determine all spatial components of a magnetic field, leading to a factor of 4 decrease in measurement times.

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Authors & Affiliations

Jennifer M. Schloss1,2, John F. Barry2,3,4,5, Matthew J. Turner2,5, and Ronald L. Walsworth2,4,5,*

  • 1Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 2Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
  • 3Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lexington, Massachusetts 02420, USA
  • 4Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
  • 5Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA

  • *rwalsworth@cfa.harvard.edu

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Vol. 10, Iss. 3 — September 2018

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