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Fingering instabilities and pattern formation in a two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate

Kui-Tian Xi, Tim Byrnes, and Hiroki Saito
Phys. Rev. A 97, 023625 – Published 16 February 2018
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Abstract

We study fingering instabilities and pattern formation at the interface of an oppositely polarized two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with strong dipole-dipole interactions in three dimensions. It is shown that the rotational symmetry is spontaneously broken by fingering instability when the dipole-dipole interactions are strengthened. Frog-shaped and mushroom-shaped patterns emerge during the dynamics due to the dipolar interactions. We also demonstrate the spontaneous density modulation and domain growth of a two-component dipolar BEC in the dynamics. Bogoliubov analyses in the two-dimensional approximation are performed, and the characteristic lengths of the domains are estimated analytically. Patterns resembling those in magnetic classical fluids are modulated when the number ratio of atoms, the trap ratio of the external potential, or tilted polarization with respect to the z direction is varied.

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  • Received 17 April 2017
  • Revised 5 December 2017

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.023625

©2018 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Atomic, Molecular & Optical

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Video—Condensate Duo Puts on a Show

Published 16 February 2018

Simulations of the mixing of two oppositely polarized Bose-Einstein condensates produce fingering patterns that look like those of classical fluids.

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Authors & Affiliations

Kui-Tian Xi1,2,*, Tim Byrnes3,2,4,5,6, and Hiroki Saito7

  • 1Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
  • 2New York University Shanghai, 1555 Century Avenue, Pudong, Shanghai 200122, China
  • 3State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
  • 4NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
  • 5National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8430, Japan
  • 6Department of Physics, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA
  • 7Department of Engineering Science, University of Electro-Communications, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan

  • *xi.99@osu.edu; kuitian.xi@nyu.edu

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Issue

Vol. 97, Iss. 2 — February 2018

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