Abstract
Using a functional formulation of the Keldysh theory we investigate the time evolution of a dilute Bose gas through the critical point. We determine the critical region of the gas and show that if the system is quenched inside this region, Bose-Einstein condensation is nucleated on a time scale of O(ħ/) by means of a coherent population of the one-particle ground state. We also examine the subsequent buildup of the condensate density, taking place on a much longer time scale. However, in the experimentally interesting case of spin-polarized atomic hydrogen or cesium it is still short compared to the lifetime of the gas.
- Received 23 January 1992
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.45.8398
©1992 American Physical Society