Quantum advantage for noisy channel discrimination

Zane M. Rossi, Jeffery Yu, Isaac L. Chuang, and Sho Sugiura
Phys. Rev. A 105, 032401 – Published 2 March 2022

Abstract

Many quantum mechanical experiments can be viewed as multiround interactive protocols between known quantum circuits and an unknown quantum process. Fully quantum “coherent” access to the unknown process is known to provide an advantage in many discrimination tasks compared to when only incoherent access is permitted, but it is unclear if this advantage persists when the process is noisy. Here, we show that a quantum advantage can be maintained when distinguishing between two noisy single-qubit rotation channels. Numerical and analytical calculations reveal a distinct transition between the performance of fully coherent and fully incoherent protocols as a function of noise strength. Moreover, the size of the region of coherent quantum advantage shrinks inverse polynomially in the number of channel uses, and in an intermediate regime an improved strategy is a hybrid of fully coherent and fully incoherent subroutines. The fully coherent protocol is based on quantum signal processing, suggesting a generalizable algorithmic framework for the study of quantum advantage in the presence of realistic noise.

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  • Received 1 June 2021
  • Revised 26 October 2021
  • Accepted 11 January 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.032401

©2022 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Quantum Information, Science & Technology

Authors & Affiliations

Zane M. Rossi1, Jeffery Yu1, Isaac L. Chuang2, and Sho Sugiura3

  • 1Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 2Department of Physics, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, and Co-Design Center for Quantum Advantage, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
  • 3Physics and Informatics Laboratory, NTT Research, Inc., 940 Stewart Dr., Sunnyvale, California 94085, USA

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Issue

Vol. 105, Iss. 3 — March 2022

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