• Open Access

Metastable states of Si observed in a cryogenic storage ring

D. Müll, F. Grussie, K. Blaum, S. George, J. Göck, M. Grieser, R. von Hahn, Z. Harman, Á. Kálosi, C. H. Keitel, C. Krantz, C. Lyu, O. Novotný, F. Nuesslein, D. Paul, V. C. Schmidt, S. Singh, S. Sunil Kumar, X. Urbain, A. Wolf, and H. Kreckel
Phys. Rev. A 104, 032811 – Published 8 September 2021

Abstract

We have used the Cryogenic Storage Ring (CSR) at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics to study long-lived metastable states of the silicon anion. A Si beam of 58 keV kinetic energy was stored in the ultrahigh cryogenic vacuum of the CSR, employing only electrostatic deflection elements. We used laser systems at various wavelengths to infer information on the decay of the metastable anionic states by selective photodetachment. Our results give evidence of an excited anionic state for which we determine the extremely long lower lifetime limit of 5.7 h at 90% confidence level, consistent with theoretical predictions for the D2 term. Furthermore, we find an average lifetime of τ=(22.2±2.5) s for the weakly bound P2 states, employing coincidence counting with a pulsed nanosecond laser at 2.45 μm. Using a laser depletion technique, we produce a pure ground term S3/24Si beam, and we quantify the fraction of ions in metastable states in our initial ion sample. We combine our experimental efforts with state-of-the-art multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations for the radiative lifetimes of all metastable levels of Si. We find these calculations to be in excellent agreement with our measurements and to improve previous efforts considerably.

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  • Received 17 May 2021
  • Accepted 9 August 2021

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.104.032811

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Open access publication funded by the Max Planck Society.

Published by the American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Atomic, Molecular & Optical

Authors & Affiliations

D. Müll1, F. Grussie1, K. Blaum1, S. George1,2, J. Göck1, M. Grieser1, R. von Hahn1, Z. Harman1, Á. Kálosi1, C. H. Keitel1, C. Krantz1, C. Lyu1, O. Novotný1, F. Nuesslein1, D. Paul1, V. C. Schmidt1, S. Singh1, S. Sunil Kumar1,*, X. Urbain3, A. Wolf1, and H. Kreckel1,†

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
  • 2Institut für Physik, Universität Greifswald, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
  • 3Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium

  • *Present address: Department of Physics and Center for Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Sciences and Technologies, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, Andhra Pradesh, India.
  • Corresponding author: holger.kreckel@mpi-hd.mpg.de

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Vol. 104, Iss. 3 — September 2021

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