Abstract
We have measured the Rayleigh linewidth in C in the critical region using a self-beat spectrometer. The linewidth was measured as a function of both temperature and cell height. The thermal diffusivity calculated using the Landau-Placzek equation is in excellent agreement with the values that have been obtained by thermodynamic measurements at three temperatures within the temperature range we investigated (, +1.06, and +3.8C°). Thus the Landau-Placzek equation is directly verified in the critical region, at least for temperatures not too close to . However, we find that very near [for ], the correlation length in C is of sufficiently long range (∼250 Å at ) to require that the Fixman-modified linewidth equation be used in order to correctly describe the linewidth behavior. The thermal diffusivity was obtained along the critical isochore for the temperature range and along both the gas and liquid sides of the coexistence line for C°. The results are (in units of /sec): along the critical isochore, ; along the gas coexistence line, ; and along the liquid coexistence line, . These exponents are in reasonable quantitative agreement with the prediction of Kadanoff and Swift that . Our exponents are also in accord with the thermal-conductivity divergence predicted by Fixman and by Mountain and Zwanzig, if the isothermal compressibility diverges as , as predicted by the Ising model. Thus both theory and experiment indicate a stronger divergence in the thermal conductivity than has heretofore been assumed. Our subcritical exponents are also in agreement with the linewidth measurements by Saxman and Benedek in S; however, above the critical temperature they obtained an exponent of 1.27, in definite disagreement with our result.
- Received 26 February 1968
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.171.152
©1968 American Physical Society