Tunable spin helical Dirac quasiparticles on the surface of three-dimensional HgTe

Chang Liu, Guang Bian, Tay-Rong Chang, Kedong Wang, Su-Yang Xu, Ilya Belopolski, Irek Miotkowski, Helin Cao, Koji Miyamoto, Chaoqiang Xu, Christian E. Matt, Thorsten Schmitt, Nasser Alidoust, Madhab Neupane, Horng-Tay Jeng, Hsin Lin, Arun Bansil, Vladimir N. Strocov, Mark Bissen, Alexei V. Fedorov, Xudong Xiao, Taichi Okuda, Yong P. Chen, and M. Zahid Hasan
Phys. Rev. B 92, 115436 – Published 22 September 2015
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Abstract

We show with systematic photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy data that a spin helical surface state appears on the (110) surface of noncentrosymmetric, three-dimensional HgTe. The topological surface state in HgTe exhibits sharp, linear dispersion without kz variation, as well as clear, left-right imbalanced spin polarization and circular dichroism. Chemical gating by alkali metal deposition on the surface causes the unexpected opening and/or increase of a surface insulating gap without changing its topological property. Such an unusual behavior we uncover in three-dimensional HgTe sheds light on a convenient control of the Fermi surface and quantum transport in a topological insulator.

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  • Received 7 December 2014
  • Revised 30 July 2015

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.115436

©2015 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Chang Liu1,2, Guang Bian1, Tay-Rong Chang3, Kedong Wang2, Su-Yang Xu1, Ilya Belopolski1, Irek Miotkowski4, Helin Cao4, Koji Miyamoto5, Chaoqiang Xu6, Christian E. Matt7, Thorsten Schmitt7, Nasser Alidoust1, Madhab Neupane1, Horng-Tay Jeng3, Hsin Lin8, Arun Bansil9, Vladimir N. Strocov7, Mark Bissen10, Alexei V. Fedorov11, Xudong Xiao6,12, Taichi Okuda5, Yong P. Chen4, and M. Zahid Hasan1

  • 1Joseph Henry Laboratory and Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
  • 2Department of Physics, South University of Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
  • 3Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
  • 4Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
  • 5Hiroshima Synchrotron Radiation Center, Hiroshima University, 2-313 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
  • 6Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
  • 7Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland
  • 8Graphene Research Centre and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117542
  • 9Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
  • 10Synchrotron Radiation Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3731 Schneider Drive, Stoughton, Wisconsin 53589, USA
  • 11Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94305, USA
  • 12Center for Photovoltaics and Solar Energy, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China

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Vol. 92, Iss. 11 — 15 September 2015

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