Spinor Bose gases: Symmetries, magnetism, and quantum dynamics

Dan M. Stamper-Kurn and Masahito Ueda
Rev. Mod. Phys. 85, 1191 – Published 26 July 2013

Abstract

Spinor Bose gases form a family of quantum fluids manifesting both magnetic order and superfluidity. This article reviews experimental and theoretical progress in understanding the static and dynamic properties of these fluids. The connection between system properties and the rotational symmetry properties of the atomic states and their interactions are investigated. Following a review of the experimental techniques used for characterizing spinor gases, their mean-field and many-body ground states, both in isolation and under the application of symmetry-breaking external fields, are discussed. These states serve as the starting point for understanding low-energy dynamics, spin textures, and topological defects, effects of magnetic-dipole interactions, and various nonequilibrium collective spin-mixing phenomena. The paper aims to form connections and establish coherence among the vast range of works on spinor Bose gases, so as to point to open questions and future research opportunities.

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  • Received 9 May 2012

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/RevModPhys.85.1191

© 2013 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Dan M. Stamper-Kurn*

  • Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

Masahito Ueda

  • Department of Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan

  • *dmsk@berkeley.edu
  • ueda@phys.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp

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Issue

Vol. 85, Iss. 3 — July - September 2013

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