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Gravitational-Wave Signature of a First-Order Quantum Chromodynamics Phase Transition in Core-Collapse Supernovae

Shuai Zha, Evan P. O’Connor, Ming-chung Chu, Lap-Ming Lin, and Sean M. Couch
Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 051102 – Published 29 July 2020; Erratum Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 219901 (2021)
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Abstract

A first-order quantum chromodynamics (QCD) phase transition (PT) may take place in the protocompact star (PCS) produced by a core-collapse supernova (CCSN). In this work, we study the consequences of such a PT in a nonrotating CCSN with axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the PT leads to the collapse of the PCS and results in a loud burst of gravitational waves (GWs). The amplitude of this GW burst is 30 times larger than the postbounce GW signal normally found for nonrotating CCSN. It shows a broad peak at high frequencies (25004000Hz) in the spectrum, has a duration of 5ms, and carries 3 orders of magnitude more energy than the other episodes. Also, the peak frequency of the PCS oscillation increases dramatically after the PT-induced collapse. In addition to a second neutrino burst, the GW signal, if detected by the ground-based GW detectors, is decisive evidence of the first-order QCD PT inside CCSNe and provides key information about the structure and dynamics of the PCS.

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  • Received 29 May 2020
  • Accepted 6 July 2020

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.051102

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by Bibsam.

Published by the American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Gravitation, Cosmology & AstrophysicsNuclear Physics

Erratum

Erratum: Gravitational-Wave Signature of a First-Order Quantum Chromodynamics Phase Transition in Core-Collapse Supernovae [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 051102 (2020)]

Shuai Zha, Evan P. O’Connor, Ming-chung Chu, Lap-Ming Lin, and Sean M. Couch
Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 219901 (2021)

Authors & Affiliations

Shuai Zha* and Evan P. O’Connor

  • The Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University, AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden

Ming-chung Chu and Lap-Ming Lin

  • Department of Physics and Institute of Theoretical Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong S.A.R., China

Sean M. Couch

  • Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; Department of Computational Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics-Center for the Evolution of the Elements, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA and National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigian 48824, USA

  • *shuai.zha@astro.su.se

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Issue

Vol. 125, Iss. 5 — 31 July 2020

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