Mean Inner Potential of Liquid Water

Murat Nulati Yesibolati, Simone Laganà, Hongyu Sun, Marco Beleggia, Shawn M. Kathmann, Takeshi Kasama, and Kristian Mølhave
Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 065502 – Published 13 February 2020
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Abstract

Improving our experimental and theoretical knowledge of electric potentials at liquid-solid boundaries is essential to achieve a deeper understanding of the driving forces behind interfacial processes. Electron holography has proved successful in probing solid-solid interfaces but requires knowledge of the materials’ mean inner potential (MIP, V0), which is a fundamental bulk material property. Combining off-axis electron holography with liquid phase transmission electron microscopy (LPTEM), we provide the first quantitative MIP determination of liquid water V0=+4.48±0.19V. This value is larger than most theoretical predictions, and to explain the disagreement we assess the dominant factors needed in quantum simulations of liquid water. A precise MIP lays the foundations for nanoscale holographic potential measurements in liquids, and provides a benchmark to improve quantum mechanical descriptions of aqueous systems and their interfaces in, e.g., electrochemistry, solvation processes, and spectroscopy.

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  • Received 29 September 2019
  • Revised 20 November 2019
  • Accepted 23 December 2019

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.065502

© 2020 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Accelerators & BeamsCondensed Matter, Materials & Applied PhysicsAtomic, Molecular & OpticalQuantum Information, Science & TechnologyInterdisciplinary Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Murat Nulati Yesibolati1, Simone Laganà1, Hongyu Sun1, Marco Beleggia1, Shawn M. Kathmann2,*, Takeshi Kasama1,†, and Kristian Mølhave1,‡

  • 1DTU Nanolab, National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization, Technical University of Denmark, Building 307, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
  • 2Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA

  • *Corresponding author. Shawn.Kathmann@pnnl.gov
  • Deceased.
  • Corresponding author. krmo@dtu.dk

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Issue

Vol. 124, Iss. 6 — 14 February 2020

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