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Sign-Changing Photon-Mediated Atom Interactions in Multimode Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics

Yudan Guo, Ronen M. Kroeze, Varun D. Vaidya, Jonathan Keeling, and Benjamin L. Lev
Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 193601 – Published 14 May 2019
Physics logo See Synopsis: A Step Toward Simulating Spin Glasses
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Abstract

Sign-changing interactions constitute a crucial ingredient in the creation of frustrated many-body systems such as spin glasses. We present here the demonstration of a photon-mediated sign-changing interaction between Bose-Einstein-condensed atoms in a confocal cavity. The interaction between two atoms is of an unusual, nonlocal form proportional to the cosine of the inner product of the atoms’ position vectors. This interaction arises from the differing Gouy phase shifts of the cavity’s degenerate modes. The interaction drives a nonequilibrium Dicke-type phase transition in the system leading to atomic checkerboard density-wave order. Because of the Gouy phase anomalies, the checkerboard pattern can assume either a sinelike or cosinelike character. This state is detected via the holographic imaging of the cavity’s superradiant emission. Together with a companion paper [Y. Guo, V. D. Vaidya, R. M. Kroeze, R. A. Lunney, B. L. Lev, and J. Keeling, Emergent and broken symmetries of atomic self-organization arising from Gouy phases in multimode cavity QED, Phys. Rev. A 99, 053818 (2019)], we explore this interaction’s influence on superradiant phase transitions in multimode cavities. Employing this interaction in cavity QED spin systems may enable the creation of artificial spin glasses and quantum neural networks.

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  • Received 25 October 2018

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.193601

© 2019 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied PhysicsAtomic, Molecular & Optical

Synopsis

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A Step Toward Simulating Spin Glasses

Published 14 May 2019

Cavity-mediated interactions can force two Bose-Einstein condensates into one of two mutually exclusive states, potentially allowing for quantum simulation of spin frustration.

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Authors & Affiliations

Yudan Guo1,2, Ronen M. Kroeze1,2, Varun D. Vaidya1,2,3, Jonathan Keeling4, and Benjamin L. Lev1,2,3

  • 1Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
  • 2E. L. Ginzton Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
  • 3Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
  • 4SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9SS United Kingdom

See Also

Emergent and broken symmetries of atomic self-organization arising from Gouy phase shifts in multimode cavity QED

Yudan Guo, Varun D. Vaidya, Ronen M. Kroeze, Rhiannon A. Lunney, Benjamin L. Lev, and Jonathan Keeling
Phys. Rev. A 99, 053818 (2019)

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Vol. 122, Iss. 19 — 17 May 2019

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