Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction Studies of the Phase Transitions and Equation of State of Scandium Shock Compressed to 82 GPa

R. Briggs, M. G. Gorman, A. L. Coleman, R. S. McWilliams, E. E. McBride, D. McGonegle, J. S. Wark, L. Peacock, S. Rothman, S. G. Macleod, C. A. Bolme, A. E. Gleason, G. W. Collins, J. H. Eggert, D. E. Fratanduono, R. F. Smith, E. Galtier, E. Granados, H. J. Lee, B. Nagler, I. Nam, Z. Xing, and M. I. McMahon
Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 025501 – Published 9 January 2017
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Abstract

Using x-ray diffraction at the Linac Coherent Light Source x-ray free-electron laser, we have determined simultaneously and self-consistently the phase transitions and equation of state (EOS) of the lightest transition metal, scandium, under shock compression. On compression scandium undergoes a structural phase transition between 32 and 35 GPa to the same bcc structure seen at high temperatures at ambient pressures, and then a further transition at 46 GPa to the incommensurate host-guest polymorph found above 21 GPa in static compression at room temperature. Shock melting of the host-guest phase is observed between 53 and 72 GPa with the disappearance of Bragg scattering and the growth of a broad asymmetric diffraction peak from the high-density liquid.

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  • Received 22 January 2016

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.025501

© 2017 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

  1. Research Areas
  1. Physical Systems
Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

R. Briggs, M. G. Gorman, A. L. Coleman, and R. S. McWilliams

  • SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom

E. E. McBride

  • European XFEL, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany

D. McGonegle and J. S. Wark

  • Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom

L. Peacock and S. Rothman

  • Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading RG7 4PR, United Kingdom

S. G. Macleod

  • Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Reading, RG7 4PR, United Kingdom and Institute of Shock Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom

C. A. Bolme and A. E. Gleason

  • Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA

G. W. Collins, J. H. Eggert, D. E. Fratanduono, and R. F. Smith

  • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 6000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94500, USA

E. Galtier, E. Granados, H. J. Lee, B. Nagler, I. Nam, and Z. Xing

  • Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA

M. I. McMahon

  • SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, The University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom and Research Complex at Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0FA, United Kingdom

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Issue

Vol. 118, Iss. 2 — 13 January 2017

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