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Sphaleron Rate in the Minimal Standard Model

Michela D’Onofrio, Kari Rummukainen, and Anders Tranberg
Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 141602 – Published 1 October 2014

Abstract

We use large-scale lattice simulations to compute the rate of baryon number violating processes (the sphaleron rate), the Higgs field expectation value, and the critical temperature in the standard model across the electroweak phase transition temperature. While there is no true phase transition between the high-temperature symmetric phase and the low-temperature broken phase, the crossover is sharp and located at temperature Tc=(159.5±1.5)  GeV. The sphaleron rate in the symmetric phase (T>Tc) is Γ/T4=(18±3)αW5, and in the broken phase in the physically interesting temperature range 130GeV<T<Tc it can be parametrized as log(Γ/T4)=(0.83±0.01)T/GeV(147.7±1.9). The freeze-out temperature in the early Universe, where the Hubble rate wins over the baryon number violation rate, is T*=(131.7±2.3)GeV. These values, beyond being intrinsic properties of the standard model, are relevant for, e.g., low-scale leptogenesis scenarios.

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  • Received 22 April 2014

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.141602

© 2014 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Michela D’Onofrio1, Kari Rummukainen1, and Anders Tranberg2

  • 1Department of Physics and Helsinki Institute of Physics, PL 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2), FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
  • 2Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, N-4036 Stavanger, Norway

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Issue

Vol. 113, Iss. 14 — 3 October 2014

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