Exact Results for Anomalous Transport in One-Dimensional Hamiltonian Systems

Anomalous transport in one-dimensional translation invariant Hamiltonian systems with short range interactions is shown to belong in general to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. Exact asymptotic forms for density-density and current-current time correlation functions and their Fourier transforms are given in terms of the Prähofer-Spohn scaling functions, obtained from their exact solution for the polynuclear growth model. The exponents of corrections to scaling are found as well, but not so the coefficients. Mode coupling theories developed previously are found to be adequate for weakly nonlinear chains but in need of corrections for strongly anharmonic interparticle potentials. A simple condition is given under which Kardar-Parisi-Zhang behavior does not apply, sound attenuation is only logarithmically superdiffusive, and heat conduction is more strongly superdiffusive than under Kardar-Parisi-Zhang behavior.