Asymmetric Dark Matter and the Sun

Cold dark matter particles with an intrinsic matter-antimatter asymmetry do not annihilate after gravitational capture by the Sun and can affect its interior structure. The rate of capture is exponentially enhanced when such particles have self-interactions of the right order to explain structure formation on galactic scales. A “dark baryon” of mass 5 GeV is a natural candidate and has the required relic abundance if its asymmetry is similar to that of ordinary baryons. We show that such particles can solve the “solar composition problem.” The predicted small decrease in the low energy neutrino fluxes may be measurable by the Borexino and ${\mathrm{SNO}}^{+}$ experiments.

Figure 1

Growth of the relative abundance of 5 GeV mass ADM particles in the Sun until its present age (vertical line) assuming $s_{\chi \chi }=2\times {10}^{-24}{\mathrm{cm}}^2{\mathrm{GeV}}^{-1}$, and ${\sigma }_{\chi N}={10}^{-39}{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ (solid line) and ${10}^{-36}{\mathrm{cm}}^2$ (dashed line), these being the maximum experimentally allowed values for spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions, respectively. Also shown is the “black disk” limit (dotted line) for the Sun.

Figure 2

The radial variation of $\delta L(r)\equiv L_{\chi }(r)/L_{\odot }(r)$ due to ADM of mass 5 GeV, using the approximation of Ref. 1 and $L_{\odot }(r)$ from the BS05 (OP) standard solar model [24].

Figure 3

Neutrino producing regions in the solar interior.