Abstract
A conventional and a high fidelity direct simulation Monte Carlo approach of internal energy transfer and chemical reactions are considered in application to a number of cases where validation data are available. Normal shock wave, hypersonic flow over a wedge, a sphere, and a double cone are considered, and measured and computed flow and surface properties are compared. The primary objective is to examine the impact of the model of each particular physical process which contributes to flow thermal and chemical nonequilibrium. For the considered conditions, with free stream gases of oxygen, nitrogen, and air, flow velocities ranging from 3 to 6 km/s, and Knudsen numbers on the order of 0.001, the change in the internal energy transfer and chemical reaction models was found to have a relatively small effect on the surface properties. The only notable exception is nitrogen gas-phase recombination, which drastically increases the heat flux to the wall.
6 More- Received 31 August 2018
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.033405
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