Risk-driven migration and the collective-risk social dilemma

Xiaojie Chen, Attila Szolnoki, and Matjaž Perc
Phys. Rev. E 86, 036101 – Published 7 September 2012

Abstract

A collective-risk social dilemma implies that personal endowments will be lost if contributions to the common pool within a group are too small. Failure to reach the collective target thus has dire consequences for all group members, independently of their strategies. Wanting to move away from unfavorable locations is therefore anything but surprising. Inspired by these observations, we here propose and study a collective-risk social dilemma where players are allowed to move if the collective failure becomes too probable. More precisely, this so-called risk-driven migration is launched depending on the difference between the actual contributions and the declared target. Mobility therefore becomes an inherent property that is utilized in an entirely self-organizing manner. We show that under these assumptions cooperation is promoted much more effectively than under the action of manually determined migration rates. For the latter, we in fact identify parameter regions where the evolution of cooperation is greatly inhibited. Moreover, we find unexpected spatial patterns where cooperators that do not form compact clusters outperform those that do, and where defectors are able to utilize strikingly different ways of invasion. The presented results support the recently revealed importance of percolation for the successful evolution of public cooperation, while at the same time revealing surprisingly simple methods of self-organization towards socially desirable states.

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  • Received 9 July 2012

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.86.036101

©2012 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Xiaojie Chen1,*, Attila Szolnoki2,†, and Matjaž Perc3,‡

  • 1Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria
  • 2Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 49, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary
  • 3Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Maribor, Koroška cesta 160, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia

  • *chenx@iiasa.ac.at
  • szolnoki.attila@ttk.mta.hu
  • matjaz.perc@gmail.com

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Issue

Vol. 86, Iss. 3 — September 2012

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