Ergodicity and slow relaxation in the one-dimensional self-gravitating system

L. F. Souza and T. M. Rocha Filho
Phys. Rev. E 107, 014114 – Published 13 January 2023

Abstract

We show that homogeneous and nonhomogeneous states of the one-dimensional self-gravitating sheets models have different ergodic properties. The former are nonergodic and the one-particle distribution function has a zero collision term if a proper limit is taken for the periodic boundary conditions. As a consequence, homogeneous states of the sheets model are nonergodic and do not relax to the equilibrium state, while nonhomogeneous states are ergodic in a time window of the order of the relaxation time to equilibrium, as similarly observed in other systems with a long range interaction.

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  • Received 13 July 2022
  • Accepted 16 December 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.014114

©2023 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Statistical Physics & Thermodynamics

Authors & Affiliations

L. F. Souza

  • Centro de Ciências Exatas e das Tecnologias, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia and Instituto de Física, Universidade de Brasília, UnB - Brasília, Distrito Federal 70297-400, Brazil

T. M. Rocha Filho

  • Instituto de Física and International Center for Condensed Matter Physics, Universidade de Brasília, CP 04455, Brasília, Distrito Federal 70919-970, Brazil

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Vol. 107, Iss. 1 — January 2023

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