• Open Access

Gravitationally produced top quarks and the stability of the electroweak vacuum during inflation

David Rodriguez Roman and Malcolm Fairbairn
Phys. Rev. D 99, 036012 – Published 15 February 2019

Abstract

In the standard model the (Brout-Englert-)Higgs quartic coupling becomes negative at high energies rendering our current electroweak vacuum metastable, but with an instability timescale much longer than the age of the current universe. During cosmological inflation, unless there is a nonminimal coupling to gravity, the Higgs field is pushed away from the origin of its potential due to quantum fluctuations. It is therefore a mystery how we have remained in our current vacuum if we went through such a period of inflation. In this work we study the effect of top quarks created gravitationally during inflation and their effect upon the Higgs potential using only general relativity with minimal couplings and Standard Model particle physics. We show how the evolution of the Higgs field during inflation is modified coming to the conclusion that this effect is non-negligible for scales of inflation close to or larger than the stability scale but small for scales where the Higgs is stable. Also, we briefly discuss the effect of other fermions to the Higgs instability.

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  • Received 6 December 2018

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.99.036012

Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article’s title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.

Published by the American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Particles & FieldsGravitation, Cosmology & Astrophysics

Authors & Affiliations

David Rodriguez Roman* and Malcolm Fairbairn

  • Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom

  • *david.rodriguez@kcl.ac.uk
  • malcolm.fairbairn@kcl.ac.uk

Article Text

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Issue

Vol. 99, Iss. 3 — 1 February 2019

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