Systematic studies of α and heavy-cluster emissions from superheavy nuclei

The probabilities of α decay and heavy-cluster decay in the superheavy region are investigated. The preformation probabilities for α and cluster emissions are evaluated with a new formula which depends on the $Q$ value of the decay. The formula shows a better agreement with the experimentally extracted cluster preformation probabilities in the heavy region. The α half-lives using our model are compared with the experimental results and it is found that the present model can be employed successfully to predict α half-lives in the superheavy region. The probable heavy-cluster radioactivity from superheavy nuclei is also studied using the same model. A comparison of the heavy-cluster half-lives using the present model, the half-lives given by Poenaru et al. [Eur. Phys. J. A 54, 14 (2018)] (analytical superasymmetric fission) and Zhang et al. [Phys. Rev. C 97, 014318 (2018)] are performed. The agreement between these three formalisms is evident from the study. A further study on the competition between α decay and heavy-cluster radioactivity leading to ${}^{208}\mathrm{Pb}$ is performed. The study suggests that heavy-cluster radioactivity may be comparable to or even dominant over α decay for some of the isotopes with $Z\ge 118$. The study shows that the present model can be used effectively to obtain the α as well as the heavier cluster decay half-lives in the superheavy region.