Neutron emission in ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$-induced reactions

We measured neutron emission spectra for ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$-induced reactions on ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$, ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$, and ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ at beam energies of 130, 140, 145, and 150 MeV. Measurements were made using liquid scintillator detectors at eight angles in the range of ${25}^{\circ }-{143}^{\circ }$ using time-of-flight and pulse-shape discrimination. A comparison has been made with alice2014 and pace4 calculations to understand the role of incomplete fusion and pre-equilibrium effects. Global predictions with alice2014 without parameter adjustment gives a fair agreement with the measured data.

Figure 1

Comparison of the experimentally obtained neutron efficiency (solid circles) with the same obtained using Monte Carlo simulation code neff (solid line).

Figure 2

Typical plot of pulse shape discrimination (PSD) signal versus time-of-flight (TOF) signal.

Figure 3

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 130 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$ target. The solid symbols are the experimental results of this work. The calculated cross sections are shown as a solid red curve (OB level density) and dash-dotted green curve (KRK level density) as obtained with the nuclear reaction code alice2014 and dashed blue curve as obtained from pace4. The estimated errors are smaller than the experimental scatter point size.

Figure 4

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 140 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 5

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 145 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 6

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 150 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 7

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 130 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 8

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 140 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 9

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 145 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 10

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 150 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 11

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 130 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 12

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 140 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 13

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 145 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 14

Neutron emission differential cross sections for 150 MeV ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ on ${}^{51}\mathrm{V}$ target. The other details are the same as in Fig. 3.

Figure 15

Neutron angular distribution at various emission energies for ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ (150 MeV) + ${}^{181}\mathrm{Ta}$. pace4 (dotted blue curve), alice2014 (KRK) (dashed green curve), alice2014 (OB) (solid red curve), and present experimental results (solid black points with error bars).

Figure 16

Neutron angular distribution at various emission energies for ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ $\left(150\mathrm{MeV}\right)+{}^{89}\mathrm{Y}$. The other details are the same as in Fig. 15.

Figure 17

Neutron angular distribution at various emission energies for ${}^{19}\mathrm{F}$ $\left(150\mathrm{MeV}\right)+{}^{51}\mathrm{V}$. The other details are the same as in Fig. 15.

Figure 18

The energy integrated angular distribution for emitted neutrons for various targets at 150 MeV beam energy. The other details are the same as in Fig. 15.