Synthesis of ${}^{292-303}119$ superheavy elements using Ca- and Ti-induced reactions

The synthesis of superheavy element $Z=119$ in the fusion evaporation reactions ${}^{42,44,46,48}\mathrm{Ca}+{}^{252-255}\mathrm{Es}$ and ${}^{46-50}\mathrm{Ti}+{}^{246-249}\mathrm{Bk}$ in the $3n$-, $4n$-, and $5n$-channels leading to ${}^{294-303}119$ and ${}^{292-299}119$, respectively, is evaluated. It is observed that the $3n$-channel (952.173 fb) cross section is larger for the reaction ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+{}^{252}\mathrm{Es}\to {}^{300}119$; the $4n$- (155.026 fb) and $5n$- (23.11 fb) channel cross sections are larger for ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+{}^{254}\mathrm{Es}\to {}^{302}119$. For the reaction ${}^{50}\mathrm{Ti}+{}^{249}\mathrm{Bk}\to {}^{299}119$, the experimental upper limit of the cross section was about 50 fb, which is very close to our calculated value (40.86 fb for the $4n$-channel). Also, the isotopic dependence of both projectile and target for the production cross section is discussed. These studies will be useful for the experimentalists to produce isotopes of element $Z=119$.

Figure 1

Calculated ER cross sections in the $3n$-, $4n$-, and $5n$-channels for the reactions ${}^{48}\mathrm{Ca}+{}^{252-255}\mathrm{Es}\to {}^{300-303}119$.

Figure 2

Calculated ER cross sections in the $3n$-, $4n$-, and $5n$-channels for the reactions ${}^{50}\mathrm{Ti}+{}^{246-249}\mathrm{Bk}\to {}^{296-299}119$. For the reaction ${}^{50}\mathrm{Ti}+{}^{249}\mathrm{Bk}\to {}^{299}119$, the experimental upper limit is taken from Ref. [5].