Observation of new neutron-rich Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu isotopes in the vicinity of ${}^{78}\mathrm{Ni}$

Neutron-rich nuclei in the vicinity of ${}^{78}\mathrm{Ni}$ were produced using a ${}^{238}\mathrm{U}$ beam at the RIKEN Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. The particle-identification plot for the in-flight fission fragments highlights the first observation of eight new isotopes: ${}^{73}\mathrm{Mn}$, ${}^{76}\mathrm{Fe}$, ${}^{77,78}\mathrm{Co}$, ${}^{80,81,82}\mathrm{Ni}$, and ${}^{83}\mathrm{Cu}$. Although the $\beta$-decay half-lives of ${}^{77}\mathrm{Co}$ and ${}^{80}\mathrm{Ni}$ were recently reported by Xu et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 032505 (2014)] using data from the same experiment, the current work provides the first direct, quantitative evidence for the existence of these isotopes. The experimental production cross sections are reproduced in a satisfactory manner by theoretical predictions. An odd-even staggering of the cross sections was observed, and the effect appears to become more pronounced for the most exotic nuclei that were investigated. The staggering effect was interpreted as an increase of the neutron-evaporation probability for odd-$N$ isotopes, owing to the decrease of the neutron-separation energy, $S_n$. The predicted cross section for ${}^{80}\mathrm{Ni}$ is significantly overestimated, which may be related to a weak binding of the neutron pair above the $N=50$ shell closure.

Figure 1

Particle-identification plot for isotopes measured in the present work (see text for details); the atomic number, $Z$, vs the mass-to-charge ratio, $A/Q$, is displayed. The red dashed line indicates the boundary of the isotopes previously reported [19, 27].

Figure 2

$A/Q$ projections for the Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu isotopic chains. The dashed lines indicate the boundaries between the isotopes previously reported [19, 27] and the new results. The red arrows indicate contaminants resulting from reactions that occur after the $A/Q$ measurements and before the $Z$ measurements. Only the relatively strong contaminants are highlighted.

Figure 3

Production cross sections for Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu isotopes. The filled and open markers are present and previous [19] results, respectively. The lines indicate predictions by the lise++ program (version 8.4.1) [28].