Abstract
We present a generalized multiferroic phase diagram for orthorhombic based on coherently grown thin films. The magnetic order was identified by neutron-diffraction and resonant soft x-ray scattering experiments. For large -ions , the transition temperature to a long-range ordered antiferromagnetic phase is only weakly dependent on the -ion radius, but decreases monotonically with decreasing -ion radius for films with . The antiferromagnetic phase is characterized by an incommensurate order of the spins, which successively locks into a commensurate -type state. These findings confirm a uniform multiferroic ground state independent of the ion and are in excellent agreement with predicted properties of strain-induced multiferroicity in these materials. In particular, strong variation of multiferroic properties in these epitaxial films compared to bulk highlights the tuning ability of strain.
2 More- Received 12 June 2017
- Revised 23 August 2018
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.174416
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