Superfluidity, Bose-Einstein condensation, and structure in one-dimensional Luttinger liquids

L. Vranješ Markić, H. Vrcan, Z. Zuhrianda, and H. R. Glyde
Phys. Rev. B 97, 014513 – Published 19 January 2018

Abstract

We report diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) and path integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) calculations of the properties of a one-dimensional (1D) Bose quantum fluid. The equation of state, the superfluid fraction ρS/ρ0, the one-body density matrix n(x), the pair distribution function g(x), and the static structure factor S(q) are evaluated. The aim is to test Luttinger liquid (LL) predictions for 1D fluids over a wide range of fluid density and LL parameter K. The 1D Bose fluid examined is a single chain of He4 atoms confined to a line in the center of a narrow nanopore. The atoms cannot exchange positions in the nanopore, the criterion for 1D. The fluid density is varied from the spinodal density where the 1D liquid is unstable to droplet formation to the density of bulk liquid He4. In this range, K varies from K>2 at low density, where a robust superfluid is predicted, to K<0.5, where fragile 1D superflow and solidlike peaks in S(q) are predicted. For uniform pore walls, the ρS/ρ0 scales as predicted by LL theory. The n(x) and g(x) show long range oscillations and decay with x as predicted by LL theory. The amplitude of the oscillations is large at high density (small K) and small at low density (large K). The K values obtained from different properties agree well verifying the internal structure of LL theory. In the presence of disorder, the ρS/ρ0 does not scale as predicted by LL theory. A single vJ parameter in the LL theory that recovers LL scaling was not found. The one body density matrix (OBDM) in disorder is well predicted by LL theory. The “dynamical” superfluid fraction, ρSD/ρ0, is determined. The physics of the deviation from LL theory in disorder and the “dynamical” ρSD/ρ0 are discussed.

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  • Received 26 July 2017
  • Revised 13 November 2017

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.014513

©2018 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

L. Vranješ Markić1, H. Vrcan1, Z. Zuhrianda2, and H. R. Glyde2

  • 1Faculty of Science, University of Split, HR-21000 Split, Croatia, EU
  • 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716-2593, USA

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Issue

Vol. 97, Iss. 1 — 1 January 2018

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