Abstract
Optical illumination on negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers inevitably causes stochastic charge-state transitions between the and the neutral charge state of the NV center. It limits the steady-state population of to 5% at minimum (∼610 nm) and 80% (∼532 nm) at maximum in intrinsic diamond depending on the wavelength. Here, we show Fermi-level control by phosphorus doping generates 99.4 ± 0.1% under 1-μW and 593-nm excitation which is close to maximum absorption of . The pure shows a fivefold increase in luminescence and a fourfold enhancement of an optically detected magnetic resonance under 593-nm excitation compared with those in intrinsic diamond.
- Received 8 December 2014
- Revised 24 December 2015
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.081203
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