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Massive Goldstone (Higgs) mode in two-dimensional ultracold atomic lattice systems

Longxiang Liu, Kun Chen, Youjin Deng, Manuel Endres, Lode Pollet, and Nikolay Prokof'ev
Phys. Rev. B 92, 174521 – Published 18 November 2015

Abstract

We discuss how to reveal the massive Goldstone mode, often referred to as the Higgs amplitude mode, near the superfluid-to-insulator quantum critical point (QCP) in a system of two-dimensional ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices. The spectral function of the amplitude response is obtained by analytic continuation of the kinetic energy correlation function calculated by Monte Carlo methods. Our results enable a direct comparison with the recent experiment [M. Endres, T. Fukuhara, D. Pekker, M. Cheneau, P. Schauß, C. Gross, E. Demler, S. Kuhr, and I. Bloch, Nature (London) 487, 454 (2012)] and demonstrate a good agreement for temperature shifts induced by lattice modulation. Based on our numerical analysis, we formulate the necessary conditions in terms of homogeneity, detuning from the QCP and temperature in order to reveal the massive Goldstone resonance peak in spectral functions experimentally. We also propose to apply a local modulation at the trap center to overcome the inhomogeneous broadening caused by the parabolic trap confinement.

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  • Received 22 September 2015

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.174521

©2015 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Longxiang Liu

  • National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China

Kun Chen* and Youjin Deng

  • National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China and Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA

Manuel Endres

  • Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA and Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, Department of Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA

Lode Pollet

  • Department of Physics and Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80333 München, Germany

Nikolay Prokof'ev

  • Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA and Russian Research Center “Kurchatov Institute,” 123182 Moscow, Russia

  • *chenkun@mail.ustc.edu.cn
  • yjdeng@ustc.edu.cn

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Issue

Vol. 92, Iss. 17 — 1 November 2015

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