Atomic-resolution imaging of the polar (0001¯) surface of LiNbO3 in aqueous solution by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy

S. Rode, R. Hölscher, S. Sanna, S. Klassen, K. Kobayashi, H. Yamada, W. G. Schmidt, and A. Kühnle
Phys. Rev. B 86, 075468 – Published 29 August 2012

Abstract

Atomic resolution images of the polar (0001¯) surface of lithium niobate (LiNbO3) are achieved by frequency modulation atomic force microscopy operated at the solid-water interface. The measured data reveal a hexagonal surface unit cell. Its lattice constant corresponds to the bulk-truncated structure, suggesting that the high-temperature annealed surface does not reconstruct. Compared to the (0001¯) surface, high-resolution imaging on the oppositely charged (0001) surface is considerably more difficult to achieve. This finding is rationalized by density functional calculations that indicate a higher corrugation and softer bonds on the (0001¯) surface compared to the (0001) surface.

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  • Received 31 March 2012

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.86.075468

©2012 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

S. Rode1, R. Hölscher2, S. Sanna2, S. Klassen1, K. Kobayashi3, H. Yamada3, W. G. Schmidt2, and A. Kühnle1,*

  • 1Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg 11, 55099 Mainz, Germany
  • 2Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik, Universität Paderborn, 33095 Paderborn, Germany
  • 3Department of Electronic Science and Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan

  • *kuehnle@uni-mainz.de

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Vol. 86, Iss. 7 — 15 August 2012

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