Abstract
A stoichiometric single crystal was grown using the Bridgeman method and was examined by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, magnetization, ac and dc magnetic susceptibilities, specific heat, electrical resistivity, and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy experiments. was found to crystallize with an orthorhombic -type structure. The mean valence of Tm ions in was almost trivalent. The states were split by the crystalline electric field. The ground state exhibited long-range antiferromagnetic order along the axis below 8.01 K with the ferromagnetically coupled magnetic moments in the plane, whereas the exited states showed a reduced magnetic moment and magnetic entropy and behaviors.
6 More- Received 13 November 2009
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.104401
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