Hall coefficient of equilibrium supercurrents flowing inside superconductors

We study augmented quasiclassical equations of superconductivity with the Lorentz force, which is missing from the standard Ginzburg-Landau and Eilenberger equations. It is shown that the magnetic Lorentz force on equilibrium supercurrents induces finite charge distribution and the resulting electric field to balance the Lorentz force. An analytic expression is obtained for the corresponding Hall coefficient of clean type-II superconductors with simultaneously incorporating the Fermi-surface and gap anisotropies. It has the same sign and magnitude at zero temperature as the normal state for an arbitrary pairing, having no temperature dependence specifically for the $s$-wave pairing. The gap anisotropy may bring a considerable temperature dependence in the Hall coefficient and can lead to its sign change as a function of temperature, as exemplified for a model $d$-wave pairing with a two-dimensional Fermi surface. The sign change may be observed in some high-$T_c$ superconductors.

Figure 1

(Color online) Fermi surfaces of $n=0.9$, 1.95 for the single-particle energy of Eq. (20).

Figure 2

The normal-state Hall coefficient $R_H^{\left(n\right)}$ as a function of the filling $n$ for the single-particle dispersion of Eq. (20).

Figure 3

(Color online) The Hall coefficient $R_H$ of equilibrium supercurrents, normalized by the normal-state coefficient $R_H^{\left(n\right)}$, as a function of temperature for the $s$-wave pairing, the $d$-wave pairing with $n=0.9$, and the $d$-wave pairing with $n=1.95$.