Origin of the high-binding-energy structure in the 3d core-level spectra of divalent Eu compounds

The high-binding-energy structure in the Eu 3d core-level x-ray photoelectron spectra of divalent Eu compounds, which has been ascribed as the ‘‘shakeup’’ satellite, is shown to be due to the multiplet structure of 3d4${\mathit{f}}^7$ (bar denotes a hole) final-state configuration. Hence, the apparent inconsistency between this so-called high-energy probe and low-energy probes for the valence of these Eu compounds is resolved.