Abstract
We show explicitly that for the three-dimensional classical XY model, vortex-loop excitations on the dual lattice correspond to toroidal configurations of angles on the original lattice. This method could be useful in physically interpreting topological excitations uncovered by dual transforms in other models.
- Received 20 August 1984
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.31.3150
©1985 American Physical Society