Cavity quantum electrodynamics in the nonperturbative regime

Daniele De Bernardis, Tuomas Jaako, and Peter Rabl
Phys. Rev. A 97, 043820 – Published 11 April 2018

Abstract

We study a generic cavity-QED system where a set of (artificial) two-level dipoles is coupled to the electric field of a single-mode LC resonator. This setup is used to derive a minimal quantum mechanical model for cavity QED, which accounts for both dipole-field and direct dipole-dipole interactions. The model is applicable for arbitrary coupling strengths and allows us to extend the usual Dicke model into the nonperturbative regime of QED, where the dipole-field interaction can be associated with an effective fine-structure constant of order unity. In this regime, we identify three distinct classes of normal, superradiant, and subradiant vacuum states and discuss their characteristic properties and the transitions between them. Our findings reconcile many of the previous, often contradictory predictions in this field and establish a common theoretical framework to describe ultrastrong-coupling phenomena in a diverse range of cavity-QED platforms.

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  • Received 7 December 2017

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.97.043820

©2018 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Atomic, Molecular & Optical

Authors & Affiliations

Daniele De Bernardis, Tuomas Jaako, and Peter Rabl

  • Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology, Atominstitut, TU Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria

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Issue

Vol. 97, Iss. 4 — April 2018

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