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Verifiable fault tolerance in measurement-based quantum computation

Keisuke Fujii and Masahito Hayashi
Phys. Rev. A 96, 030301(R) – Published 25 September 2017

Abstract

Quantum systems, in general, cannot be simulated efficiently by a classical computer, and hence are useful for solving certain mathematical problems and simulating quantum many-body systems. This also implies, unfortunately, that verification of the output of the quantum systems is not so trivial, since predicting the output is exponentially hard. As another problem, the quantum system is very delicate for noise and thus needs an error correction. Here, we propose a framework for verification of the output of fault-tolerant quantum computation in a measurement-based model. In contrast to existing analyses on fault tolerance, we do not assume any noise model on the resource state, but an arbitrary resource state is tested by using only single-qubit measurements to verify whether or not the output of measurement-based quantum computation on it is correct. Verifiability is equipped by a constant time repetition of the original measurement-based quantum computation in appropriate measurement bases. Since full characterization of quantum noise is exponentially hard for large-scale quantum computing systems, our framework provides an efficient way to practically verify the experimental quantum error correction.

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  • Received 7 November 2016

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.96.030301

©2017 American Physical Society

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Quantum Information, Science & Technology

Authors & Affiliations

Keisuke Fujii1,2 and Masahito Hayashi3,4

  • 1Photon Science Center, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
  • 2JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
  • 3Graduate School of Mathematics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
  • 4Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore

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Issue

Vol. 96, Iss. 3 — September 2017

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