Frequency shifts in NIST Cs primary frequency standards due to transverse rf field gradients

Neil Ashby, Stephan Barlow, Thomas Heavner, and Steven Jefferts
Phys. Rev. A 91, 033624 – Published 23 March 2015

Abstract

A single-particle Green's function (propagator) is introduced to study the deflection of laser-cooled cesium atoms in an atomic fountain due to microwave magnetic field gradients in the Ramsey TE011 cavity. The deflection results in a state-dependent loss of atoms at apertures in the physics package, resulting in a frequency bias. A model accounting only for motion in one dimension transverse to the symmetry axis of the fountain is discussed in detail and then generalized to two transverse dimensions. Results for fractional frequency shifts due to transverse field gradients are computed for NIST-F1 and NIST-F2 cesium fountains. The shifts are found to be negligible except in cases of higher rf power applied to the cavities.

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  • Received 29 October 2014

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.91.033624

©2015 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Neil Ashby*, Stephan Barlow, Thomas Heavner, and Steven Jefferts§

  • National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA

  • *ashby@boulder.nist.gov
  • sbarlow@boulder.nist.gov
  • heavner@boulder.nist.gov
  • §jefferts@boulder.nist.gov

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Vol. 91, Iss. 3 — March 2015

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