Canonical quantization of macroscopic electrodynamics in a linear, inhomogeneous magnetoelectric medium

We present a canonical quantization of macroscopic electrodynamics. The results apply to inhomogeneous media with a broad class of linear magnetoelectric responses, which are consistent with the Kramers-Kronig and Onsager relations. Through its ability to accommodate strong dispersion and loss, our theory provides a rigorous foundation for the study of quantum optical processes in structures incorporating metamaterials, provided these may be modeled as magnetoelectric media. Previous canonical treatments of dielectric and magnetodielectric media have expressed the electromagnetic field operators in either a Green's function or mode expansion representation. Here we present our results in the mode expansion picture with a view to applications in guided wave and cavity quantum optics.