Abstract
Neutral alkaline earth(like) atoms have recently been employed in atomic arrays with individual readout, control, and high-fidelity Rydberg-mediated entanglement. This emerging platform offers a wide range of new quantum science applications that leverage the unique properties of such atoms: ultranarrow optical “clock” transitions and isolated nuclear spins. Specifically, these properties offer an optical qubit () as well as ground () and metastable () nuclear spin qubits, all within a single atom. We consider experimentally realistic control of this omg architecture and its coupling to Rydberg states for entanglement generation, focusing specifically on ytterbium-171 () with nuclear spin . We analyze the -series Rydberg states of , described by the three spin- constituents (two electrons and the nucleus). We confirm that the manifold, a unique spin configuration, is well suited for entangling nuclear spin qubits. Further, we analyze the series, described by two overlapping spin configurations, using a multichannel quantum defect theory. We study the multilevel dynamics of the nuclear spin states when driving the clock or Rydberg transition with Rabi frequency or , respectively, finding that a modest magnetic field () and feasible laser polarization intensity purity () are sufficient for gate fidelities exceeding 0.99. We also study single-beam Raman rotations of the nuclear spin qubits and identify a “magic” linear polarization angle with respect to the magnetic field at which purely rotations are possible.
5 More- Received 11 January 2022
- Revised 17 April 2022
- Accepted 12 May 2022
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.105.052438
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